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Aproximadamente 290 registro(s) hasta el momento: (knowledge)

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Recurso libre

The Role of Knowledge in Visual Shape Representation
Saund, Eric

Formato:
Enlaces:	This report shows how knowledge about the visual world can be built into a shape representation in the form of a descriptive vocabulary making explicit the important geometrical relationships comprising objects' shapes. Two computational tools are offered: (1) Shapestokens are…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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Knowledge Base Integration: What Can We Learn from Database Integration Research?
Lee, Jintae

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper examines the issues and the solutions that have been studied in database (DB) integration research and tries to draw lessons from them for knowledge base (KB) integration.
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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Using English For Indexing and Retrieving
Katz, Boris

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper describes a natural language system START. The system analyzes English text and automatically transforms it into an appropriate representation, the knowledge base, which incorporates the information found in the text. The user gains access to information stored in…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

Test Generation Guided Design for Testability
Wu, Peng

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis presents a new approach to building a design for testability (DFT) system. The system takes a digital circuit description, finds out the problems in testing it, and suggests circuit modifications to correct those problems. The key contributions of…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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Generating Circuit Tests by Exploiting Designed Behavior
Shirley, Mark Harper

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis describes two programs for generating tests for digital circuits that exploit several kinds of expert knowledge not used by previous approaches. First, many test generation problems can be solved efficiently using operation relations, a novel representation of circuit…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

Roles of Knowledge in Motor Learning
Atkeson, Christopher Granger

Formato:
Enlaces:	The goal of this thesis is to apply the computational approach to motor learning, i.e., describe the constraints that enable performance improvement with experience and also the constraints that must be satisfied by a motor learning system, describe what is…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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A Lexical Conceptual Approach to Generation for Machine Translation
Dorr, Bonnie J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	Current approaches to generation for machine translation make use of direct-replacement templates, large grammars, and knowledge-based inferencing techniques. Not only are rules language-specific, but they are too simplistic to handle sentences that exhibit more complex phenomena. Furthermore, these systems are…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

Formalizing knowledge used in spectrogram reading : acoustic and perceptual evidence from stops

Formato:
Enlaces:	Lori Faith Lamel., Also issued as Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1988., Includes bibliographical references., Supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Vinton-Hayes, Bell Laboratories (GRPW), and Inference Corporation.
Fecha:	2004-03-03
Recurso:	MIT

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The Programmer's Apprentice Project: A Research Overview
Rich, Charles - Waters, Richard C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The goal of the Programmer's Apprentice project is to develop a theory of how expert programmers analyze, synthesize, modify, explain, specify, verify, and document programs. This research goal overlaps both artificial intelligence and software engineering. From the viewpoint of artificial…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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10.

ONTIC: A Knowledge Representation System for Mathematics
McAllester, David Allen

Formato:
Enlaces:	Ontic is an interactive system for developing and verifying mathematics. Ontic's verification mechanism is capable of automatically finding and applying information from a library containing hundreds of mathematical facts. Starting with only the axioms of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory, the Ontic…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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11.

Model-Based Reasoning: Troubleshooting
Davis, Randall - Hamscher, Walter C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	To determine why something has stopped working, it is useful to know how it was supposed to work in the first place. That simple observation underlies some of the considerable interest generated in recent years on the topic of model-based…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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12.

Intelligence in Scientific Computing
Abelson, Harold - Eisenberg, Michael - Halfact, Mathew - Katzenelson, Jacob - Sacks, Elisha - Sussman, Gerald Jay - Wisdom, Jack - Yip, Ken

Formato:
Enlaces:	Combining numerical techniques with ideas from symbolic computation and with methods incorporating knowledge of science and mathematics leads to a new category of intelligent computational tools for scientists and engineers. These tools autonomously prepare simulation experiments from high-level specifications of…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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13.

The Use of Grouping in Visual Object Recognition.
Jacobs, David W.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The report describes a recognition system called GROPER, which performs grouping by using distance and relative orientation constraints that estimate the likelihood of different edges in an image coming from the same object. The thesis presents both a theoretical analysis…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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14.

Exploring innovative designs by relaxing criteria and reasoning from precedent knowledge
Navinchandra, Dundee J

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	by Dundee J. Navinchandra., Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1988., Includes index., Bibliography: leaves 190-196.
Fecha:	2005-08-08
Recurso:	MIT

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15.

TYPICAL: A Knowledge Representation System for Automated Discovery and Inference
Haase, Kenneth W., Jr.

Formato:
Enlaces:	TYPICAL is a package for describing and making automatic inferences about a broad class of SCHEME predicate functions. These functions, called types following popular usage, delineate classes of primitive SCHEME objects, composite data structures, and abstract descriptions. TYPICAL types are…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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16.

Control of Vibration in Mechanical Systems Using Shaped Reference Inputs
Meckl, Peter Heinrich

Formato:
Enlaces:	Dynamic systems which undergo rapid motion can excite natural frequencies that lead to residual vibration at the end of motion. This work presents a method to shape force profiles that reduce excitation energy at the natural frequencies in order to…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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17.

Model-Based Troubleshooting of Digital Systems
Hamscher, Walter Charles

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis describes a methodology, a representation, and an implemented program for troubleshooting digital circuit boards at roughly the level of expertise one might expect in a human novice. Existing methods for model-based troubleshooting have not scaled up to deal…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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18.

Expressing Mathematical Subroutines Constructively
Roylance, Gerald

Formato:
Enlaces:	The typical subroutines that compute $\\sin(x)$ and $\\exp(x)$ bear little resemblance to our mathematical knowledge of these functions: they are composed of concrete arithmetic expressions that include many mysterious numerical constants. Instead of programming these subroutines conventionally, we can express…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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19.

ARIADNE: Pattern-Directed Inference and Hierarchical Abstraction in Protein Structure Recognition
Lathrop, Richard H. - Webster, Teresa A. - Smith, Temple F.

Formato:
Enlaces:	There are many situations in which a very detailed low-level description encodes, through a hierarchical organization, a recognizable higher-order pattern. The macro-molecular structural conformations of proteins exhibit higher order regularities whose recognition is complicated by many factors. ARIADNE searches for…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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20.

Extracting Qualitative Dynamics from Numerical Experiments
Yip, Kenneth Man-Kam

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Phase Space is a powerful tool for representing and reasoning about the qualitative behavior of nonlinear dynamical systems. Significant physical phenomena of the dynamical system---periodicity, recurrence, stability and the like---are reflected by outstanding geometric features of the trajectories in…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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21.

Qualitative Depth and Shape from Stereo, in Agreement with Psychophysical Evidendence
Weinshall, Daphna

Formato:
Enlaces:	Obtaining exact depth from binocular disparities is hard if camera calibration is needed. We will show that qualitative depth information can be obtained from stereo disparities with almost no computations and with no prior knowledge (or computation) of camera parameters.…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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22.

Issues in Model Based Troubleshooting
Hamscher, Walter - Davis, Randall

Formato:
Enlaces:	To determine why something has stopped working, it's helpful to know how it was supposed to work in the first place. This simple fact underlies recent work on a number of systems that do diagnosis from knowledge about the internal…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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23.

Formalizing Reusable Software Components in the Programmer's Apprentice
Rich, Charles - Waters, Richard C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	There has been a long-standing desire in computer science for a way of collecting and using libraries of standard software components. The limited success in actually doing this stems not from any resistance to the idea, nor from any lack…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

24.

Hierarchical Object Recognition Using Libraries of Parameterized Model Sub-Parts
Ettinger, Gil J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis describes the development of a model-based vision system that exploits hierarchies of both object structure and object scale. The focus of the research is to use these hierarchies to achieve robust recognition based on effective organization and indexing…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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25.

Border-crossing knowledge networking among multinational firms : the case of R&D facilities
Shirvani-Mahdavi, Ali (Ali Agha), 1965-

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	(cont.) which is expected, given their additional knowledge resources. The respondents' urgency in looking for the relevant knowledge is the primary explanation for this difference between the two networks. This difference in knowledge networking among the different groups did not…
Fecha:	2005-09-27
Recurso:	MIT

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26.

Computer System for Visual Recognition Using Active Knowledge
Freuder, Eugene C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	A system for visual recognition is described, with implications for the general problem of representation of knowledge to assist control. The immediate objective is a computer system that will recognize objects in a visual scene, specifically hammers. The computer receives…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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27.

Re-engineering knowledge networks for development
Raghavan, Amrith, 1976-

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	This thesis examines the evolution of Internet based knowledge networks (e-knowledge networks) in the domain of sustainable development. The objective of this thesis is to use an engineering systems approach to understand knowledge networks, identify the barriers to their sustainability…
Fecha:	2005-06-02
Recurso:	MIT

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28.

Consensus Knowledge Acquisition
Trice, Andrew - Davis, Randall

Formato:
Enlaces:	We have developed a method and prototype program for assisting two experts in their attempts to construct a single, consensus knowledge base. We show that consensus building can be effectively facilitated by a debugging approach that identifies, explains, and resolves…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

29.

D-SCRIPT: A Computational Theory of Descriptions
Moore, Robert C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper descries D-SCRIPT, a language for representing knowledge in artificial intelligence programs. D-SCRIPT contains a powerful formalism for descriptions, which permits the representation of statements that are problematical for other systems. Particular attention is paid to problems of opaque…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

30.

The Structure of Mathematical Knowledge
Michener, Edwina Rissland

Formato:
Enlaces:	This report develops a conceptual framework in which to talk about mathematical knowledge. There are several broad categories of mathematical knowledge: results which contain the traditional logical aspects of mathematics; examples which contain illustrative material; and concepts which include formal…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

31.

Explicit Control of Reasoning
Kleer, Johan de - Doyle, Jon - Steele, Guy L., Jr. - Sussman, Gerald Jay

Formato:
Enlaces:	The construction of expert problem-solving systems requires the development of techniques for using modular representations of knowledge without encountering combinatorial explosions in the solution effort. This report describes an approach to dealing with this problem based on making some knowledge…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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32.

Qualitative Knowledge, Casual Reasoning and the Localization of Failures
Brown, Allen

Formato:
Enlaces:	This report investigates some techinques appropriate to representing the knowledge necessary for understanding a class of electronic machines -- radio receivers. A computational performance model - WATSON - is presented. WATSONs task is to isolate failures in radio receivers whose…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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33.

Using Analogy to Acquire Commonsense Knowledge from Human Contributors
Chklovski, Timothy

Formato:
Enlaces:	The goal of the work reported here is to capture the commonsense knowledge of non-expert human contributors. Achieving this goal will enable more intelligent human-computer interfaces and pave the way for computers to reason about our world. In the domain…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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34.

A Computational Model for the Acquisition and Use of Phonological Knowledge
Yip, Kenneth - Sussman, Gerald Jay

Formato:
Enlaces:	Does knowledge of language consist of symbolic rules? How do children learn and use their linguistic knowledge? To elucidate these questions, we present a computational model that acquires phonological knowledge from a corpus of common English nouns and verbs. In…
Fecha:	2004-10-08
Recurso:	MIT

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35.

Qualitative and Quantitative Knowledge in Classical Mechanics
Kleer, Johan De

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis investigates what knowledge is necessary to solve mechanics problems. A program NEWTON is described which understands and solves problems in mechanics mini-world of objects moving on surfaces. Facts and equations such as those given in mechanics text need…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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36.

The Design and Implementation of a Corporate Householding Knowledge Processor to Improve Data Quality
Madnick, Stuart - Wang, Richard - Xian, Xiang

Formato:	Working Paper
Enlaces:	Advances in Corporate Householding are needed to address certain categories of data quality problems caused by data misinterpretation. In this paper, we first summarize some of these data quality problems and our more recent results from studying corporate householding applications…
Fecha:	2004-02-06
Recurso:	MIT

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37.

Learning Commonsense Categorical Knowledge in a Thread Memory System
Stamatoiu, Oana L.

Formato:
Enlaces:	If we are to understand how we can build machines capable of broad purpose learning and reasoning, we must first aim to build systems that can represent, acquire, and reason about the kinds of commonsense knowledge that we humans have…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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38.

Spatial Knowledge
Kuipers, Benjamin

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper introduces a model of spatial cognition to describe the states of partial knowledge that people have about the spatial structure of a large-scale environment. Spatial knowledge has several different representations, each of which captures one aspect of the…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

39.

Meta-Rules: Reasoning About Control
Davis - Randall

Formato:
Enlaces:	How can we insure that knowledge embedded in a program is applied effectively? Traditionally the answer to this question has been sought in different problem solving paradigms and in different approaches to encoding and indexing knowledge. Each of these is…
Fecha:	2004-10-08
Recurso:	MIT

Recurso libre

40.

Formalizing knowledge used in spectrogram reading : acoustic and perceptual evidence from stops
Lamel, Lori Faith

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	by Lori Faith Lamel., Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1988., Bibliography: leaves 140-150.
Fecha:	2005-08-08
Recurso:	MIT

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41.

Development of a knowledge-based expert system for tax auditing
Grochowski, Robert J. (Robert Joseph)

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	by Robert J. Grochowski., Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1988., Includes bibliographical references.
Fecha:	2005-08-09
Recurso:	MIT

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42.

Exemplifying Business Opportunities for Improving Data Quality From Corporate Household Research
Madnick, Stuart - Wang, Richard - Chettayar, Krishna - Dravis, Frank - Funk, James - Katz-Haas, Raïssa - Lee, Cindy - Lee, Yang - Xian, Xiang - Bhansali, Sumit

Formato:	Working Paper
Enlaces:	Corporate household (CHH) refers to the organizational information about the structure within the corporation and a variety of inter-organizational relationships. Knowledge derived from this data is becoming increasingly important for improving data quality in applications, such as Customer…
Fecha:	2004-12-10
Recurso:	MIT

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43.

Jokes and the Logic of the Cognitive Unconscious
Minsky, Marvin

Formato:
Enlaces:	Freud's theory of jokes explains how they overcome the mental "censors" that make it hard for us to think "forbidden" thoughts. But his theory did not work so well for humorous nonsense as for other comical subjects. In this essay…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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44.

The Progressive Construction of Mind
Lawler, Robert W.

Formato:
Enlaces:	We propose a vision of the structure of knowledge and processes of learning based upon the particularity of experience. Highly specific cognitive structures are constructed through activities in limited domains of experience. For new domains, new cognitive structures develop from…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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45.

On "Learnable" Representations of Knowledge: A Meaning for the Computational Metaphor
diSessa, Andrea A.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The computational metaphor which proposes the comparison of processes of mind to realizable or imaginable computer activities suggests a number of educational concerns. This paper discusses some of those concerns including procedural modes of knowledge representation and control knowledge ??owing…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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46.

Frame-based Text Processing
Rosenberg, Steven T.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents an overview of a theory of discourse structure, and discusses a model for assimilating text into a frame-based data structure. The model has been applied to the analysis of news articles. The theory assumes sentences contain links…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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47.

Reasoning from Incomplete Knowledge in a Procedural Deduction System
Moore, Robert Carter

Formato:
Enlaces:	One very useful idea in AI research has been the notion of an explicit model of a problem situation. Procedural deduction languages, such as PLANNER, have been valuable tools for building these models. But PLANNER and its relatives are very…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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48.

Representing Knowledge of Large-Scale Space
Kuipers, Benjamin J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This dissertation presents a model of the knowledge a person has about the spatial structure of a large-scale environment: the "cognitive map". The functions of the cognitive map are to assimilate new information about the environment, to represent the current…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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49.

Introduction to the Calculus of Knowledge
Raphael, Bertram

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper deals with the "Calculus of Knowledge", an extension of the propositional calculus in which one may reason about what other people know. Semantic and Syntactic systems are developed, certain theorems are proven, and a formal solution in the…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT

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50.

Artificial Intelligence, Language and the Study of Knowledge
Goldstein, Ira - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper studies the relationship of Artificial Intelligence to the study of language and the representation of the underlying knowledge which supports the comprehension process. It develops the view that intelligence is based on the ability to use large amounts…
Fecha:	2004-10-04
Recurso:	MIT