A study of the electronic properties of a substance usually requires the knowledge of its band structure. The starting point when trying to determine the band structure of a crystalline material is to employ one or another type of approximation…

Our present knowledge of nuclear structure attempts to explain nuclear properties on the basis of nucleons resonating as protons and neutrons with very strong, short-range forces acting between them. The nature of the forces between these elementary particles are not…

Philosophy of matter is that department of philosophical knowledge which relates to the philosophy of physics. While the philosophy of physics is concerned with the objects and events of the physical world as a whole, the philosophy of matter deals…

Bonds are broken and formed in all chemical reactions. A knowledge of the dissociation energies of the relevant bonds helps one to predict the ease by which a given reaction may take place. It is obvious, therefore, that such information…

Chemical changes involve the breaking of bonds in the reacting molecules and the formation of bonds in the products; they are usually accompanied by energy changes. Although the stability of a molecule or a radical, as expressed in terms of…

Our present knowledge of body fluid physiology originates with Claude Bernard's concept of a "milieu interieur" of constant composition. (2, 3) This concept, enunciated in 1859, stimulated intensive research, from which several theories have evolved to explain the formation of…

Our conception of the physiological bases underlying motivated behavior have been profoundly altered since the time of William James’ discussion of “no special brain centers for emotion” and his claim that the analysis was simpler than physiologists imagined (1890). The…

Economics started by being political economy. No wonder then, except for Marshall, that the firm as a subject of study has been somewhat neglected. This political bias remained prevalent in the profession until quite recently. In the beginning, the main…

Barbados has the distinction of a one crop economy, that crop being sugar cane. This situation has existed for over 500 years, and during the latter part of this period, particularly since 1924, the cane breeding section of the Department…

Disagreement among teachers on major and minor issues saps the strength of the educational system; undermines and enfeebles the purpose of the school; and destroys the unity of thought and action needed to realize great achievements in public education. All…