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Aproximadamente 149 registro(s) hasta el momento: (knowledge)

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Explicit Control of Reasoning
Kleer, Johan de - Doyle, Jon - Steele, Guy L., Jr. - Sussman, Gerald Jay

Formato:
Enlaces:	The construction of expert problem-solving systems requires the development of techniques for using modular representations of knowledge without encountering combinatorial explosions in the solution effort. This report describes an approach to dealing with this problem based on making some knowledge…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Spatial Knowledge
Kuipers, Benjamin

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper introduces a model of spatial cognition to describe the states of partial knowledge that people have about the spatial structure of a large-scale environment. Spatial knowledge has several different representations, each of which captures one aspect of the…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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The Progressive Construction of Mind
Lawler, Robert W.

Formato:
Enlaces:	We propose a vision of the structure of knowledge and processes of learning based upon the particularity of experience. Highly specific cognitive structures are constructed through activities in limited domains of experience. For new domains, new cognitive structures develop from…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Proposal to ARPA for Continued Research on A.I. for 1973
Minsky, Marvin - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Artificial Intelligence Laboratory proposes to continue its work on a group of closely interconnected projects, all bearing on questions about how to make computers able to use more sophisticated kinds of knowledge to solve difficult problems. This proposal explains…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Expert Systems: Where Are We? And Where Do We Go from Here?
Davis - Randall

Formato:
Enlaces:	Work on Expert Systems has received extensive attention recently, prompting growing interest in a range of environments. Much has been made of the basic concept and the rule-based system approach typically used to construct the programs. Perhaps this is a…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Knowledge Partitioning in the Inter-firm Dividsion of Labor: the case of Automotive product Development
Takeishi, Akira

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper demonstrates the importance of knowledge for effective management of outsourcing. Drawing on an empirical study on automakers? management of supplier involvement in product development in Japan, this paper shows that the level of own knowledge is critical for…
Fecha:	2002-06-26
Recurso:	MIT

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Automated Design Data and Rationale Capture
Gupta, Amar - Seshasai, Satwik - Yeung, Jason - Sainath, Tara

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents a knowledge-based approach for capturing data and rationale, so that the experience and insights gained while pursuing a major project or endeavor can be utilized when pursuing future endeavors of a similar nature. The proposed
Fecha:	2002-06-07
Recurso:	MIT

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Knowledge Partitioning in the Inter-firm Division of Labor: the case of Automotive Product Development
Takeishi, Akira

Formato:
Enlaces:	Drawing on an empirical study on automakers? management of supplier involvement in product development in Japan, this paper shows that when the design of a component is outsourced to a supplier, how much and what automakers know about the component…
Fecha:	2002-06-12
Recurso:	MIT

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D-SCRIPT: A Computational Theory of Descriptions
Moore, Robert C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper descries D-SCRIPT, a language for representing knowledge in artificial intelligence programs. D-SCRIPT contains a powerful formalism for descriptions, which permits the representation of statements that are problematical for other systems. Particular attention is paid to problems of opaque…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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10.

Jokes and the Logic of the Cognitive Unconscious
Minsky, Marvin

Formato:
Enlaces:	Freud's theory of jokes explains how they overcome the mental "censors" that make it hard for us to think "forbidden" thoughts. But his theory did not work so well for humorous nonsense as for other comical subjects. In this essay…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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11.

On "Learnable" Representations of Knowledge: A Meaning for the Computational Metaphor
diSessa, Andrea A.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The computational metaphor which proposes the comparison of processes of mind to realizable or imaginable computer activities suggests a number of educational concerns. This paper discusses some of those concerns including procedural modes of knowledge representation and control knowledge ??owing…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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12.

Frame-based Text Processing
Rosenberg, Steven T.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents an overview of a theory of discourse structure, and discusses a model for assimilating text into a frame-based data structure. The model has been applied to the analysis of news articles. The theory assumes sentences contain links…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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13.

FROM PLACE TO SPACE: Migrating to Profitable Electronic Commerce Business Models
Vitale, Michael - Ross, Jeanne W. - Weill, Peter

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Internet is a powerful channel that presents new opportunities for touching customers, enriching products and services with information, squeezing out costs through process automation, and redesigning internal business processes through enhanced communication and knowledge sharing. In…
Fecha:	2002-06-07
Recurso:	MIT

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14.

Understanding Understanding Mathematics
Michener, Edwina Rissland

Formato:
Enlaces:	In this paper we look at some of the ingredients and processes involved in the understanding of mathematics. We analyze elements of mathematical knowledge, organize them in a coherent way and take note of certain classes of items that share…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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15.

NUDGE, A Knowledge-Based Scheduling Program
Goldstein, Ira P. - Roberts, R. Bruce

Formato:
Enlaces:	Traditional scheduling algorithms (using the techniques of PERT charts, decision analysis or operations research) require well-defined quantitative, complete sets of constraints. They are insufficient for scheduling situations where the problem description is ill-defined, involving incomplete, possibly inconsistent and generally qualitative…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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16.

A Frame for Frames: Representing Knowledge for Recognition
Kuipers, Benjamin J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents a version of frames suitable for representing knowledge for a class of reconition problems. An initial section gives an intuitive model of frames, and illustrates a number of desirable features of such a representation. A more technical…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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17.

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Brady, Michael

Formato:
Enlaces:	Since Robotics is the field concerned with the connection of perception to action, Artificial Intelligence must have a central role in Robotics if the connection is to be intelligent. Artificial Intelligence addresses the crucial questions of: what knowledge is required…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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18.

Supporting Organizational Problem Solving with a Workstation
Barber, Gerald

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper describes an approach to supporting work in the office. Using and extending ideas from the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) we describe office work as a problem solving activity. A knowledge embedding language called Omega is used to…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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19.

Semantics of Inheritance and Attributions in the Description System Omega
Attardi, Giuseppe - Simi, Maria

Formato:
Enlaces:	Omega is a description system for knowledge embedding which incorporates some of the attractive modes of expression in common sense reasoning such as descriptions, inheritance, quantification, negation, attributions and multiple viewpoints. A formalization of Omega is developed as a framework…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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20.

Toward a Stakeholder Theory of the Firm: The Case of the Saturn Partnership
Kochan, Thomas - Rubinstein, Saul

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper seeks to engage the organization theory community in contemporary debates over the role of the cxxporation in American society by building a stakeholder theory of the t%n. We develop a set of normative premises and positivist propositions derived…
Fecha:	2002-06-06
Recurso:	MIT

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21.

Use of Recurrent Neural Networks for Strategic Data Mining of Sales
Vadhavkar, Sanjeev - Shanmugasundaram, Jayavel - Gupta, Amar - Prasad, M.V. Nagendra

Formato:
Enlaces:	An increasing number of organizations are involved in the development of strategic information systems for effective linkages with their suppliers, customers, and other channel partners involved in transportation, distribution, warehousing and maintenance activities. An efficient inter-organizational inventory…
Fecha:	2002-06-10
Recurso:	MIT

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22.

Laboratory for Information Globalization and Harmonization
Madnick, Stuart - Choucri, Nazli - Siegel, Michael - Haghseta, Farnaz - Moulton, Allen - Zhu, Harry

Formato:
Enlaces:	The convergence of three distinct but interconnected trends - unrelenting globalization, growing worldwide electronic connectivity, and increasing knowledge intensity of economic activity - is creating powerful new opportunities and challenges for global politics. This rapidly changing environment…
Fecha:	2002-06-07
Recurso:	MIT

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23.

Creating Lean Suppliers: Diffusing Lean Production Through the Supply Chain
Helper, Susan - MacDuffie, John Paul

Formato:
Enlaces:	Hon& of America has developed a comprehensive approach to teaching the principles of lean production to its suppliers. The centerpiece of these efforts is a program called BP (for ?Best process?, ?Best Performance ?, ?Bs Practice?), in which a crossfunctional…
Fecha:	2002-06-06
Recurso:	MIT

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24.

An AI Approach to English Morphemic Analysis
Winograd, Terry

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper illustrated an approach toward understanding natural language through the techniques of artificial intelligence. It explores the structure of English word-endings both morpho-graphemically and semantically. It illustrated the use of procedures and semantic representations in relating the broad range…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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25.

CREF: An Editing Facility for Managing Structured Text
Pitman, Kent M.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper reports work in progress on an experimental text editor called CREF, the Cross Referenced Editing Facility. CREF deals with chunks of text, called segments, which may have associated features such as keywords or various kinds of links to…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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26.

Learning and Reasoning by Analogy: The Details
Winston, Patrick H.

Formato:
Enlaces:	We use analogy when we say something is a Cinderella story and when we learn about resistors by thinking about water pipes. We also use analogy when we learn subjects like Economics, Medicine and Law. This paper presents a theory…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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27.

A Hypothetical Monologue Illustrating the Knowledge Underlying Program Analysis
Shrobe, Howard E. - Waters, Richard C. - Sussman, Gerald J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	Automated Program Analysis is the process of discovering decompositions of a system into sub-units such that the behavior of the whole program can be inferred from the behavior of its parts. Analysis can be employed to increase the explanatory power…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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28.

Proposal to ARPA for Continued Research on A.I.
Minsky, Marvin

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Artificial Intelligence Laboratory proposes to continue its work on a group of closely interconnected projects, all bearing on questions about how to make computers able to use more sophisticated kinds of knowledge to solve difficult problems. This proposal explains…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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29.

Infants in Children Stories - Toward a Model of Natural Language Comprehension
Meyer, Garry S.

Formato:
Enlaces:	How can we construct a program that will understand stories that children would understand? By understand we mean the ability to answer questions about the story. We are interested here with understanding natural language in a very broad area. In…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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30.

Creating and Managing a High Performance Knowledge-Sharing Network: The Toyota Case
Dyer, Jeffrey - Nobeoka, Kentaro

Formato:
Enlaces:	This study offers a detailed case study of how Toyota facilitates interorganizational knowledge transfers among within its production network. In particular, we identiify and examine six key institutionalized knowledge sharing routines developed by Toyota and its suppliers. By examining how…
Fecha:	2002-07-10
Recurso:	MIT

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31.

Reducing Impediments to Collaboration in a Virtual Design World
Seshasai, Satwik - Gupta, Amar - Sainath, Tara

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents a knowledge-based approach to reducing impediments to collaboration in a distributed environment. A major impediment to such collaboration is the issue of communications - clearly and efficiently expressing the desires of every stakeholder in the process, as…
Fecha:	2002-09-25
Recurso:	MIT

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32.

The Connection Machine
Hillis, W. Daniel

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper describes the connection memory, a machine for concurrently manipulating knowledge stored in semantic networks. We need the connection memory because conventional serial computers cannot move through such networks fast enough. The connection memory sidesteps the problem by providing…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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33.

Flavors: Message Passing in the Lisp Machine
Weinreb, Daniel - Moon, David

Formato:
Enlaces:	The object oriented programming style used in the Smalltalk and Actor languages is available in Lisp Machine Lisp, and used by the Lisp Machine software system. It is used to perform generic operations on objects. Part of its implementation is…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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34.

The FRL Primer
Roberts, R. Bruce - Goldstein, Ira P.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Frame Representation Language (FRL) is an experimental language written to explore the use of frames as a knowledge representation technique. The term 'frame' as used in FRL was inspired by Minsky's [75] development of frame theory. FRL extends the…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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35.

Street science : the fusing of local and professional knowledge in environmental policy
Coburn, Jason

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	his dissertation analyzes how local knowledge improves environmental decisions. The premise is that controlling pollution and addressing public health disparities are not problems that professionals alone can solve. Concerned lay publics, especially low-income populations and people of color that experience…
Fecha:	2005-08-23
Recurso:	MIT

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36.

A Structural Approach to Analogy
Mansour, Hormoz

Formato:
Enlaces:	There are multiple sorts of reasoning by analogy between two domains; the one with which we are concerned is a type of contextual analogy. The purpose of this paper is to see whether two domains that look analogous would be…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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37.

Natural Learning
Miller, Laurence

Formato:
Enlaces:	This memo reports the results of a case study into how children learn in the absence of explicit teaching. The three subjects, an eight year old, a ten year old and a thirteen year old were observed in both of…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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38.

The Genetic Epistemology of Rule Systems
Goldstein, Ira P.

Formato:
Enlaces:	I shall describe a model of the evolution of the rule-structured knowledge that serves as a cornerstone of our development of computer-based coaches. The key idea is a graph structure whose nodes represent rules, and whose links represent various evolutionary…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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39.

Understanding Hand-Printed Algebra for Computer Tutoring
Purcell, Stephen C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis demonstrates how the use of a global context can improve the power of a local character recognizer. The global context considered is a computer tutor of high school algebra that observes a student working algebra problems on a…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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40.

Teaching of Procedures-Progress Report
Sussman, Gerald Jay

Formato:
Enlaces:	The idea of building a programmer is very seductive in that it holds the promise of massive bootstrapping and thus ties in with many ideas about learning and teaching. I will avoid going into those issues here. It is necessary,…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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41.

Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at M.I.T., 1971-1972
Minsky, Marvin - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	The activities of the Artificial Intelligence laboratory can be viewed under three main aspects; (1) Artificial Intelligence- understanding the principles of making intelligent machines along the lines discusses in previous proposals, and elaborated below. (2) Natural Intelligence- As we understand…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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42.

Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1970-1971
Minsky, Marvin - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	The MIT Artificial Intelligence Project has a variety of goals all bound together by search for principles of intelligent behavior. Among our immediate goals are to develop systems with practical applications for: Visually-controlled automatic manipulation and physical world problem-solving, machine…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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43.

A Knowledge Based Approach to Facilitate Enginering Design
Seshasai, Satwik - Gupta, Amar

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents a knowledge-based approach to facilitate the engineering design process relating to spacecrafts. Because the design evolves over a long time and typically involves individuals working at different locations and frequently for different organizations, the degree of collaboration…
Fecha:	2002-10-23
Recurso:	MIT

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44.

Controlling open quantum systems
Fortunato, Evan Matthew

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	This thesis describes the development and experimental verification (via liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques) of new methods for controlling open quantum systems. First, methods that improve coherent control through the use of both strong control fields and detailed knowledge…
Fecha:	2005-06-02
Recurso:	MIT

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45.

Conclusions from the Commodity Expert Project
Stansfield, James L.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The goal of the commodity expert project was to develop a prototype program that would act as an intelligent assistant to a commodity market analyst. Since expert analysis must deal with very large, yet incomplete, data bases of unreliable facts…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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46.

Transferring, Translating and Transforming: An Integrative Framework
Carlile, Paul

Formato:	Working Paper
Enlaces:	Organizations must establish processes for managing knowledge across boundaries because of the specialized and task-dependent forms of knowledge required to deliver products and services. To address this challenge an integrative framework is developed that identifies and integrates the value of…
Fecha:	2003-12-10
Recurso:	MIT

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47.

Briefing Paper on Industrial Ecology and EPA
Allen, Derry

Formato:
Enlaces:	Industrial Ecology (IE) is a systems approach to efficient resource use and protection of the environment. Instead of just devising improved methods of waste treatment and disposal, we look for the best opportunities to reduce waste throughout the total material…
Fecha:	2002-09-18
Recurso:	MIT

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48.

Computer System for Visual Recognition Using Active Knowledge
Freuder, Eugene C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	A system for visual recognition is described, with implications for the general problem of representation of knowledge to assist control. The immediate objective is a computer system that will recognize objects in a visual scene, specifically hammers. The computer receives…
Fecha:	2004-10-20
Recurso:	MIT

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49.

Re-engineering knowledge networks for development
Raghavan, Amrith, 1976-

Formato:	Thesis
Enlaces:	This thesis examines the evolution of Internet based knowledge networks (e-knowledge networks) in the domain of sustainable development. The objective of this thesis is to use an engineering systems approach to understand knowledge networks, identify the barriers to their sustainability…
Fecha:	2005-06-02
Recurso:	MIT

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50.

Automated Negotiation from Declarative Contract Descriptions
Grosof, Benjamin - Reeves, Daniel - Wellman, Michael

Formato:
Enlaces:	Our approach for automating the negotiation of business contracts proceeds in three broad steps. First, determine the structure of the negotiation process by applying general knowledge about auctions and domain-specific knowledge about the contract subject along with preferences from po-
Fecha:	2002-10-23
Recurso:	MIT