Knowledge acquisition for systems based on knowledge can be called knowledge engineering, according to Feigenbaum (1980) who used the term to describe the reduction of a wide context of knowledge for a set of facts and rules. The term Knowledge…

Most neural network learning algorithms cannot use knowledge other than what is provided in the training data. Initialized using random weights, they cannot use prior knowledge such as knowledge stored in previously trained networks. This manuscript thesis addresses this problem.…

In the restricted single-machine common due date problem the goal is to find a schedule for the n jobs which jointly minimizes the sum of earliness and tardiness penalties, while for the weighted tardiness problem the goal is to find…

Argumentative formalisms have been widely recognized as knowledge representation and reasoning tools able to deal with incomplete and potentially contradictory informa- tion. All such formalisms are computationally demanding. Hence, optimizing argumen- tative systems has been approached from di erent views.

A re-design process implies dealing with complex interactions between stakeholders, especially if we are talking about a personalization re-engineered process, which can be applied to an existing web application. In this context, knowledge becomes a main factor of influence, but…

In the last few years, several studies have emphasized the use of ontologies as an alternative to organization of the information.
The notion of ontology has become popular in fields such as intelligent information integration, information retrieval on the Internet,…

Cultural resources like traditional medicinal knowledge need to be recognized in their role tied to important regional practices in Zimbabwe. This is especially as a nexus of legal definitions for biological, intellectual and cultural resources will inform a National Sui…

El estrés oxidativo juega un papel importante como cofactor en la patogénesis del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Los individuos infectados con VIH desarrollan además deficiencia en micronutrientes antioxidantes que recrudecen aún más el estado redox. En la era…

Four teachers & their eight classes of 179 5th-grade (10-11-year-old) students participated in this quasi-experimental classroom study, which investigated the effects of form-focused instruction (FFI) & corrective feedback on immersion students' ability to accurately assign grammatical gender in French. The…

This study explored the relationship between vocabulary size (i.e., breadth of knowledge), depth of vocabulary knowledge, and reading comprehension of Chinese-speaking ESL (English as a second language) university students in Canada. Both aspects of vocabulary knowledge, breadth and depth, continue…