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Aproximadamente 109 registro(s) hasta el momento: (knowledge)

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Recurso libre

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Brady, Michael

Formato:
Enlaces:	Since Robotics is the field concerned with the connection of perception to action, Artificial Intelligence must have a central role in Robotics if the connection is to be intelligent. Artificial Intelligence addresses the crucial questions of: what knowledge is required…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Supporting Organizational Problem Solving with a Workstation
Barber, Gerald

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper describes an approach to supporting work in the office. Using and extending ideas from the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) we describe office work as a problem solving activity. A knowledge embedding language called Omega is used to…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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A Structural Approach to Analogy
Mansour, Hormoz

Formato:
Enlaces:	There are multiple sorts of reasoning by analogy between two domains; the one with which we are concerned is a type of contextual analogy. The purpose of this paper is to see whether two domains that look analogous would be…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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D-SCRIPT: A Computational Theory of Descriptions
Moore, Robert C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper descries D-SCRIPT, a language for representing knowledge in artificial intelligence programs. D-SCRIPT contains a powerful formalism for descriptions, which permits the representation of statements that are problematical for other systems. Particular attention is paid to problems of opaque…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Explicit Control of Reasoning
Kleer, Johan de - Doyle, Jon - Steele, Guy L., Jr. - Sussman, Gerald Jay

Formato:
Enlaces:	The construction of expert problem-solving systems requires the development of techniques for using modular representations of knowledge without encountering combinatorial explosions in the solution effort. This report describes an approach to dealing with this problem based on making some knowledge…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Spatial Knowledge
Kuipers, Benjamin

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper introduces a model of spatial cognition to describe the states of partial knowledge that people have about the spatial structure of a large-scale environment. Spatial knowledge has several different representations, each of which captures one aspect of the…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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Jokes and the Logic of the Cognitive Unconscious
Minsky, Marvin

Formato:
Enlaces:	Freud's theory of jokes explains how they overcome the mental "censors" that make it hard for us to think "forbidden" thoughts. But his theory did not work so well for humorous nonsense as for other comical subjects. In this essay…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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The Progressive Construction of Mind
Lawler, Robert W.

Formato:
Enlaces:	We propose a vision of the structure of knowledge and processes of learning based upon the particularity of experience. Highly specific cognitive structures are constructed through activities in limited domains of experience. For new domains, new cognitive structures develop from…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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On "Learnable" Representations of Knowledge: A Meaning for the Computational Metaphor
diSessa, Andrea A.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The computational metaphor which proposes the comparison of processes of mind to realizable or imaginable computer activities suggests a number of educational concerns. This paper discusses some of those concerns including procedural modes of knowledge representation and control knowledge ??owing…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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10.

Frame-based Text Processing
Rosenberg, Steven T.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents an overview of a theory of discourse structure, and discusses a model for assimilating text into a frame-based data structure. The model has been applied to the analysis of news articles. The theory assumes sentences contain links…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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11.

Understanding Understanding Mathematics
Michener, Edwina Rissland

Formato:
Enlaces:	In this paper we look at some of the ingredients and processes involved in the understanding of mathematics. We analyze elements of mathematical knowledge, organize them in a coherent way and take note of certain classes of items that share…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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12.

NUDGE, A Knowledge-Based Scheduling Program
Goldstein, Ira P. - Roberts, R. Bruce

Formato:
Enlaces:	Traditional scheduling algorithms (using the techniques of PERT charts, decision analysis or operations research) require well-defined quantitative, complete sets of constraints. They are insufficient for scheduling situations where the problem description is ill-defined, involving incomplete, possibly inconsistent and generally qualitative…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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13.

A Frame for Frames: Representing Knowledge for Recognition
Kuipers, Benjamin J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper presents a version of frames suitable for representing knowledge for a class of reconition problems. An initial section gives an intuitive model of frames, and illustrates a number of desirable features of such a representation. A more technical…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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14.

Semantics of Inheritance and Attributions in the Description System Omega
Attardi, Giuseppe - Simi, Maria

Formato:
Enlaces:	Omega is a description system for knowledge embedding which incorporates some of the attractive modes of expression in common sense reasoning such as descriptions, inheritance, quantification, negation, attributions and multiple viewpoints. A formalization of Omega is developed as a framework…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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15.

Proposal to ARPA for Continued Research on A.I. for 1973
Minsky, Marvin - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Artificial Intelligence Laboratory proposes to continue its work on a group of closely interconnected projects, all bearing on questions about how to make computers able to use more sophisticated kinds of knowledge to solve difficult problems. This proposal explains…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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16.

An AI Approach to English Morphemic Analysis
Winograd, Terry

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper illustrated an approach toward understanding natural language through the techniques of artificial intelligence. It explores the structure of English word-endings both morpho-graphemically and semantically. It illustrated the use of procedures and semantic representations in relating the broad range…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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17.

CREF: An Editing Facility for Managing Structured Text
Pitman, Kent M.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper reports work in progress on an experimental text editor called CREF, the Cross Referenced Editing Facility. CREF deals with chunks of text, called segments, which may have associated features such as keywords or various kinds of links to…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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18.

Learning and Reasoning by Analogy: The Details
Winston, Patrick H.

Formato:
Enlaces:	We use analogy when we say something is a Cinderella story and when we learn about resistors by thinking about water pipes. We also use analogy when we learn subjects like Economics, Medicine and Law. This paper presents a theory…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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19.

A Hypothetical Monologue Illustrating the Knowledge Underlying Program Analysis
Shrobe, Howard E. - Waters, Richard C. - Sussman, Gerald J.

Formato:
Enlaces:	Automated Program Analysis is the process of discovering decompositions of a system into sub-units such that the behavior of the whole program can be inferred from the behavior of its parts. Analysis can be employed to increase the explanatory power…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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20.

Proposal to ARPA for Continued Research on A.I.
Minsky, Marvin

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Artificial Intelligence Laboratory proposes to continue its work on a group of closely interconnected projects, all bearing on questions about how to make computers able to use more sophisticated kinds of knowledge to solve difficult problems. This proposal explains…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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21.

Infants in Children Stories - Toward a Model of Natural Language Comprehension
Meyer, Garry S.

Formato:
Enlaces:	How can we construct a program that will understand stories that children would understand? By understand we mean the ability to answer questions about the story. We are interested here with understanding natural language in a very broad area. In…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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22.

The Connection Machine
Hillis, W. Daniel

Formato:
Enlaces:	This paper describes the connection memory, a machine for concurrently manipulating knowledge stored in semantic networks. We need the connection memory because conventional serial computers cannot move through such networks fast enough. The connection memory sidesteps the problem by providing…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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23.

Flavors: Message Passing in the Lisp Machine
Weinreb, Daniel - Moon, David

Formato:
Enlaces:	The object oriented programming style used in the Smalltalk and Actor languages is available in Lisp Machine Lisp, and used by the Lisp Machine software system. It is used to perform generic operations on objects. Part of its implementation is…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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24.

The FRL Primer
Roberts, R. Bruce - Goldstein, Ira P.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The Frame Representation Language (FRL) is an experimental language written to explore the use of frames as a knowledge representation technique. The term 'frame' as used in FRL was inspired by Minsky's [75] development of frame theory. FRL extends the…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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25.

Expert Systems: Where Are We? And Where Do We Go from Here?
Davis - Randall

Formato:
Enlaces:	Work on Expert Systems has received extensive attention recently, prompting growing interest in a range of environments. Much has been made of the basic concept and the rule-based system approach typically used to construct the programs. Perhaps this is a…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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26.

Natural Learning
Miller, Laurence

Formato:
Enlaces:	This memo reports the results of a case study into how children learn in the absence of explicit teaching. The three subjects, an eight year old, a ten year old and a thirteen year old were observed in both of…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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27.

The Genetic Epistemology of Rule Systems
Goldstein, Ira P.

Formato:
Enlaces:	I shall describe a model of the evolution of the rule-structured knowledge that serves as a cornerstone of our development of computer-based coaches. The key idea is a graph structure whose nodes represent rules, and whose links represent various evolutionary…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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28.

Understanding Hand-Printed Algebra for Computer Tutoring
Purcell, Stephen C.

Formato:
Enlaces:	This thesis demonstrates how the use of a global context can improve the power of a local character recognizer. The global context considered is a computer tutor of high school algebra that observes a student working algebra problems on a…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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29.

Teaching of Procedures-Progress Report
Sussman, Gerald Jay

Formato:
Enlaces:	The idea of building a programmer is very seductive in that it holds the promise of massive bootstrapping and thus ties in with many ideas about learning and teaching. I will avoid going into those issues here. It is necessary,…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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30.

Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at M.I.T., 1971-1972
Minsky, Marvin - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	The activities of the Artificial Intelligence laboratory can be viewed under three main aspects; (1) Artificial Intelligence- understanding the principles of making intelligent machines along the lines discusses in previous proposals, and elaborated below. (2) Natural Intelligence- As we understand…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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31.

Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1970-1971
Minsky, Marvin - Papert, Seymour

Formato:
Enlaces:	The MIT Artificial Intelligence Project has a variety of goals all bound together by search for principles of intelligent behavior. Among our immediate goals are to develop systems with practical applications for: Visually-controlled automatic manipulation and physical world problem-solving, machine…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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32.

Conclusions from the Commodity Expert Project
Stansfield, James L.

Formato:
Enlaces:	The goal of the commodity expert project was to develop a prototype program that would act as an intelligent assistant to a commodity market analyst. Since expert analysis must deal with very large, yet incomplete, data bases of unreliable facts…
Fecha:	2004-10-01
Recurso:	MIT

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33.

The Blurring of Boundaries between Research and Everyday Life: Dilemmas of Employing One’s Own Experiential Knowledge in Disability Research
Mogendorff, Karen; Wageningen University

Formato:
Enlaces:	Researchers with experiential disability knowledge increasingly engage in socio-medical research. In this paper the author discusses her experiences with employing her own lived experiences with disability in academic and non-academic research projects. Incorporating one’s own lived experiences in research implies…
Fecha:	2013-04-18
Recurso:	Disability Studies Quarterly

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34.

The “Search from General to Particular” (SGP) Problem in Document Databases
BONDOR, Cosmina Ioana; Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	The amount of information stored in databases doubled at every 20 months. There is important knowledge stored in text databases. The aim of these article was to solve the problem of “searching from general to particular” (SGP) in document databases.…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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35.

Assessment of a Mini-Course in Evidence-Based Medicine
BOLBOACĂ, Sorana D.; Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, „Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania - ACHIMAȘ CADARIU, Andrei; Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, „Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	Objective: To practice evidence-based medicine a core set of concepts must be mastered. Recognizing this, we sought to develop and assess a mini-course in evidence-based medicine for fourth-year medical students. Design: A two-hour curriculum on evidence-based medicine training was developed…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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36.

The appropriation of knowledge from artistic expression., La apropiación de conocimientos a partir de la expresión plástica.
Castro Bonilla, Julieta; Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica

Formato:	info:eu-repo/semantics/article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, ,
Enlaces:	In this article we examine and expose some of the results of a research work based on the appropriation of knowledge through visual expression, activity attended by teachers and students outside the schooleducational method called "Open Classroom".After the investigation, it…
Fecha:	2012-11-18
Recurso:	Revista Educación

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37.

The Use of Concept Maps to Represent Medical Knowledge
LEUCUŢA, Daniel; Dept. of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj-Napoca - ACHIMAȘ CADARIU, Andrei; Dept. of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj-Napoca

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	Concept maps are bi-dimensional representations of cognitive structures showing the hierarchies and the interconnections of concepts involved in a discipline or a subdiscipline. Concept maps can be done in different ways, but they are best done using computer software designed…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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38.

Universal Design Research as a New Materialist Practice
Hamraie, Aimi; Emory University

Formato:
Enlaces:	In Disability Studies, Universal Design (UD) is a concept that is often borrowed from an architectural or design context to mean an ideology of inclusion and flexibility with a range of applications in education, technology, and other milieus. This paper…
Fecha:	2012-10-18
Recurso:	Disability Studies Quarterly

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39.

"This is the anthropologist, and she is sighted": Ethnographic Research with Blind Women
Hammer, Gili; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Formato:
Enlaces:	Power relations and the researcher's gaze are extremely relevant to the research of blind people, yet rarely documented. Based on three years of anthropological research with blind women in Israel, this paper discusses the methodological considerations raised by the ethnography…
Fecha:	2013-04-18
Recurso:	Disability Studies Quarterly

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40.

A Strategy to Optimize Sites for the Search Engines
BONDOR, Cosmina Ioana; Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Dept., University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj-Napoca

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	We intend to suggest here methods for promoting the sites on World Wide Web. To optimize your site for the search engine it is necessary to follow a certain strategy when you build the hypertext. The methods we suggest are…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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41.

Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics and Drug Discovery
CACUCI, Delia Carmen; Dept. of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj-Napoca

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	The emphasis of this chapter will be on the application of bioinformatics tools and database to identify and characterize novel gene targets, which is of interest to pharmaceutical companies. A pharmaceutical bioinformatics must design a system a system for converting…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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42.

Laser Safety in Medicine
BURCĂ, Costel; University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Iuliu Haţieganu” Cluj-Napoca

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	LASER is an acronym for the phrase Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Most medical lasers emit light which are either ultraviolet, infrared or in the visible spectrum of light. When used by personnel with proper knowledge and…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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43.

General Description of Clinical Decision Support Systems
OSTACE, Oana; Adult Clinic Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania - ZDRENGHEA, Vlad; Dep. of Psychiatry, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca - PENCIU, Cristian; County Clinic Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	From the very earliest moments in the modern history of the computer scientists and doctors alike were captivated by the potential of such a technology might have in medicine (e.g. Ledley and Lusted, 1959). With intelligent computers able to store…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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44.

Computer Assisted Data Management in Assessment of Laser Therapy Compliance among Romanian Patients
BURCĂ, Costel; Department of Medical Informatics, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania & 2 Medical Clinic IV, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania - DRUGAN, Tudor; Department of Medical Informatics, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania & 2 Medical Clinic IV, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania - ACHIMAS CADARIU, Andrei; Department of Medical Informatics, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania & 2 Medical Clinic IV, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	The use of lasers presents a special type of radiation hazard. As such, the need for safety standards governing use is required. The important distinguishing feature of lasers is that they emit radiation which can exceed the maximum permissible limits…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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45.

The Level of Computer use and the Degree of the Acceptance of Informatics Applied in Medical Research
BACÂREA, Vladimir; University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tg. Mureş, Medical Researche Methodology, Gh. Marinescu 38, Tg Mureş - CĂLINICI, Tudor; „Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, 6 Louis Pasteur, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania. - MOLDOVAN, Cosmin; University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tg. Mureş, Departement of Hystology. Gh. Marinescu 38, Tg Mureş - SABĂU, Horea; SAMR Cluj-Napoca, 1 Nuferilor, Cluj Napoca - MĂRUŞTERI, Marius; University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tg. Mureş, Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Gh. Marinescu 38, Tg Mureş

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	Young medical graduates are bound to become researchers, as medical science implies constant studying. Documenting, collecting and processing medical data involve a certain degree of computer literacy. The development of computer-assisted tools and their implementation in all medical fields imposes…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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46.

ICT – An Agent of Change That Can Enrich a „Society of All Ages”
IANCULESCU, Marilena; National Institute for R&D in Informatics (ICI). 8-10 Maresal Averescu Boulevard, sect.1, 011455 Bucureşti, Romania. - PÂRVAN, Monica; National Institute for R&D in Informatics (ICI). 8-10 Maresal Averescu Boulevard, sect.1, 011455 Bucureşti, Romania.

Formato:	Peer-reviewed Article
Enlaces:	Demographic developments, including an aging population, change pathological models and pressures on health systems sustainability of the European Union. ICT can play a significant role in approaching these challenges because they allow the management and providing of health and social…
Fecha:	2011-01-18
Recurso:	Applied Medical Informatics

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47.

An Analysis of Teacher Efficacy and Perspectives about Elementary Literacy Instruction
Joy Abernathy-Dyer; East Baton Rouge Parish School System - Evan Ortlieb; Monash University - Earl H Cheek; Louisiana State University

Formato:	, Qualitative; Ethnography
Enlaces:	At the core of every teacher is a set of beliefs and knowledge regarding teaching and learning. As a teacher develops her expertise, curricular practices are refined and self-efficacy is enhanced. Teachers possess varying degrees of efficacy and perceptions that…
Fecha:	2013-09-18
Recurso:	CI: Current issues in education

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48.

Implementation of Pre Compensation Fuzzy For a Cascade PID Controller Using Matlab Simulink
Bethapudi, Anilkumar - Mohan, G..S.S.S.S.V. Krishna

Formato:	info:eu-repo/semantics/article, Peer-reviewed Article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Enlaces:	Fuzzy logic control technology has been widely and successfully utilized in numerous industrial applications. Since fuzzy logic with humanlike but systematic properties can convert linguistic control rule based on expert knowledge into automatic control strategies, it can be well applied…
Fecha:	2011-11-18
Recurso:	Control Theory and Informatics

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49.

Emergent learning and interactive media artworks: Parameters of interaction for novice groups
Kawka, Marta; School of Education and Professional Studies, Griffith University, Australia - Larkin, Kevin; Faculty of Education, University of Southern Queensland, Australia - Danaher, Patrick Alan

Formato:	info:eu-repo/semantics/article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, Peer-reviewed, double-blind, conceptual; theory building
Enlaces:	Emergent learning describes learning that occurs when participants interact and distribute knowledge, where learning is self-directed, and where the learning destination of the participants is largely unpredictable (Williams, Karousou, & Mackness, 2011). These notions of learning arise from the topologies…
Fecha:	2011-10-18
Recurso:	The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning

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50.

INHERITED NEURODEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN DISEASES: APPLICATIONS OF HOMOZYGOSITY MAPPING TO IDENTIFY NEW GENETIC CAUSES OF DISEASE
Gleeson,, Joseph G.; MD

Formato:	info:eu-repo/semantics/article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion,
Enlaces:	AbstractObjectiveThe last two decades have seen major advancements in our understanding of some of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in the field of child neurology. However, in the majority of individual patients, it is still not possible to arrive at…
Fecha:	2008-10-18
Recurso:	Iranian Journal of Child Neurology