Advances in scientific knowledge and innovations in educational field that necessitates constant change in medical school curricula. At present in our  Institution the existing system of undergraduate curriculum for MBBS I phase is non integrated, discipline based where in teaching…

Anaesthetic management of cardiac patient’s coming for non cardiac surgery has always been challenging. Goal of anaesthesia management is to keep myocardial oxygen supply greater than demand to avoid ischemia. Choice of anaesthesia has been general anaesthesia (GA) by achieving…

The basement membrane is a term, originally given to a layer of variable thickness and distinction found at the basal surfaces of epithelia Michel Ross, (1989). Since the layer was positioned immediately below the bases of the epithelial cells, this…