We found the linear complexity of quaternary sequences of period over the ring Z_4 . The sequences are based on Whiteman's generalized cyclotomic classes of order four. Also we derived the maximum nontrivial autocorrelation magnitude of the constructed sequences.

In this article we study the retrospective inverse problem. The retrospective inverse problem consists of in the reconstruction of a priori unknown initial condition of the dynamic system from its known final condition. Existence and uniqueness of the solution is…

Concept maps are graphical representations of relationships among concepts that can be an effective tool for teaching, designing, and organizing information in a variety of library settings. Concept maps can be used wherever training or formal teaching occurs as a…

Has university scholarship gone astray? Do our academic assessment systems reward scholarship that addresses the questions that matter most to society? Using international business as an example, we highlight the problematic nature of academic ranking systems and question if such…

This article argues that modern time discipline was a product of the eighteenth-century. Whereas other works have emphasized the integration of time through nineteenth-century railway networks, this article holds that science and the state combined to bring discipline to time…

This essay contests the view that humanity’s centuries-long experience with clocks is marked by a steady increase in time awareness that culminated in the modern compulsion known as “time discipline”. It argues, in contrast, that modern time discipline emerged during…

Interstellar dust was first identified through the extinction that it causes of optical starlight. Initially, observational and theoretical studies of extinction were made to identify simple ways of removing the effect of extinction. Over the last few decades it has…

In this study, we focus on the polarization angle of light scattered by terrestrial atmosphere-surface systems. The polarization angle describes the orientation of the plane in which the linearly polarized portion of light propagates. We show for skylight how this…

Dust is an ubiquitous inhabitant of the interstellar medium, and leaves an unmistakable signature in its optical properties, and physico-chemical evolution. Although there is little direct knowledge of the true nature of interstellar dust grains, strong evidences point toward the…

Basic concepts like energy, heat, and temperature have acquired a precise meaning after the development of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics provides the basis for understanding how heat and work are related and with the general rules that the macroscopic properties of systems…