This article reviews existing knowledge concerning the epidemiology, instruments and regulatory criteria currently used to evaluate artificial turf soccer pitches. Recent years have seen tremendous growth in the use of artificial turf as a playing surface for sports (rugby, soccer,…

When training hidden-Markov-model-based part-of-speech (PoS) taggers involved in machine translation systems in an unsupervised manner the use of target-language information has proven to give better results than the standard Baum-Welch algorithm. The target-language-driven training algorithm proceeds by translating every possible…

When building Hypermedia/Web Applications, (different) designers are often faced with the same problems over and over again. Those recurring problems soon yield elegant solutions, which can be conveniently described as design patterns. In this paper we present two patterns for…

An audience driven philosophy for web site design takes the different target audiences as an explicit starting point, and organizes the basic navigation structure accordingly. However, for the designer it is not always easy, or sometimes even impossible, to assess…

Diagnosis is an important process in patient care. A suitable diagnosis helps a physician determine a precise treatment. Physicians also have a tendency to seek collaboration from other colleagues and expert systems for better confidence in their decision. The sources…

This work presents the main theories and models formulated with the purpose of offering a global overview on the acquisition of knowledge and skills involved in the initial development of expert competence. Setting from this background, we developed an empirical…

We develop a theory to explain the transition from stagnation to modern growth. We focus on the forces that shaped the evolution of total factor productivity in agriculture and manufacturing across history. More specifically, we build a multisector model of…

In this paper, a method of event ordering based on temporal information resolution is presented. This method consists of two main steps: on the one hand, the recognition and resolution of the temporal expressions that can be transformed on a…

In this paper, a method to combine visual and force information using the
information obtained from the movement flow-based visual servoing system is proposed. This
method allows not only to achieve a given desired position but also to specify the…

The extension to new languages is a well known bottleneck for rule-based systems. Considerable human effort, which typically consists in re-writing from scratch huge amounts of rules, is in fact required to transfer the knowledge available to the system from…