Malaria is the most important parasite species of humans, affecting more than 2.2 billion people, and causing hundreds of millions of clinical cases and around one million deaths every year. Since the 1940s, mass-produced, inexpensive drugs have been available that…

Classical knowledge production is an author-centered process. The emergence of cooperative internet technologies such as wikis or blogs shows a shift towards stronger cooperative production and communication of knowledge, closing the gap between readers and authors. The incorporation of such…

Instruction may be seen as the intentional creation of conditions around learning so as to facilitate the achievement of determined goals. Normally, instruction is based upon certain educational strategies. It is well accepted in the field of educational technology that…

Spatial data warehouses (SDW) rely on extended multidimensional (MD) models in order to provide decision makers with appropriate structures to intuitively analyse spatial data. Several SDW development approaches provide a conceptual modeling and some guidelines in order to obtain logical…

This straightforward and jargon-free book will provide students with the theoretical understandings, practical knowledge and skills they need to carry out independent research. The international contributors identify key research methodologies, data collection tools and analysis methods, and focus on the…

Metrics used on development of expert systems is not a well investigated problem area. This article suggests some metrics to be used to measure the maturity of the conceptualization process and the complexity of the decision process in the problem…

The accomplishment of systems with abilities to reason about actions and change and systems that can manage incomplete or not very reliable information with abilities to discuss or argument has been of great importance for artificial intelligence community. These two…

Defeasible Logic Programming (DeLP) is an extension of Logic Programming capturing common-sense reasoning features. The DeLP language can manage defeasible reasoning, allowing the representation of defeasible and non- defeasible knowledge. Since DeLP syntax is based on a PROLOG-like notation, the…

The original Bio-Rad gene gun was unable to transfect acute or organotypic brain slices, as the amount of helium gas used, the distance for the gold-coated microcarriers to travel to target area were not optimised for fragile tissues, such as…

In this article we present a generalized dynamic argumentation framework that handles arguments expressed in an abstract language assumed to be some first order logic fragment. Once the formalism is presented, we propose a reification to the description logic ALC…