This paper is the survey of studies that include design processes of some fuzzy expert systems for applications in some medical area. Recent studies of us that include fuzzy expert systems that make use of fuzzy logic method were described.…

The undergraduate law curriculum adopted at McGill University in 1998—the transsystemic programme—was born of the unique political, social, and intellectual histories of its Faculty of Law. This essay reviews these contexts and characterizes the programme as an ongoing conversation about…

Diabetes mellitus represents a serious public health problem owing to its global prevalence in the last decade. The causes of this metabolic disease include dysfunction and/or insufficient number of b cells. Existing diabetes mellitus treatments do not reverse or control…

Beginning with the premise that colonialism and the production of knowledge are intimately related, Christopher Schmidt-Nowara’s interests in this book lie in the versions of national and imperial histories elaborated by nineteenth-century Spanish and Antillean intellectuals. The production of knowledge…

Market failures in human capital investment and innovation explain the main features of human development and economic growth. This is shown in a Schumpeterian multi-country model with technology transfer and trade. Thus, only institutions expanding investments in nutrition, education, health,…

The Caribbean Basin has complex biogeographical and cultural histories that have shaped its highly diverse botanical and cultural landscapes. As a result, the current ethnic composition of the Basin is a heterogeneous mixture including Amerindian, Afrocaribbean and a wide range…

NAC proteins constitute one of the largest groups of plant-specific transcription factors and are known to play essential roles in various developmental processes. They are also important in plant responses to stresses such as drought, soil salinity, cold, and heat,…

Detailed knowledge of the tip apex structure is necessary for quantitative comparison between theory-based simulations and experimental observations of tip-substrate interactions in scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Here, we discuss field ion microscopy (FIM) techniques to characterize and atomically define SPM…

Knowledge on the biosynthetic pathways of the monoter­pene alkaloids is enormous, but little is known about their mechanism of transporting system from the plant cell. There is not concrete evi­dence confirming the role of ABC transporters in the secretion of monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) in Catharanthus roseus. There­fore, in order to determine the role of different transporting systemsinvolved in the MIAs translocation, we employed…

This article aims at identifying and characterizing the different configurations of the relevant factors related to administrative procedures, in order to learn about their behavior, and so about decision-making processes. Delays in administrative circuit concretion, users dissatisfaction and lack of…