This paper addresses the problem of contour line extraction from scanned topographic maps in poor condition. A novel method is developed, using knowledge of cartography and graphics to extract contours by removing other layers which overlay the contours, and reconstructing…

As a contribution to consider software projects to be risk investments, it is important the full standardization of either the planning methodology (as a subset of project management methodology) and the effort estimation method. We think there is important and…

This article presents a procedure for constructing a taxonomy of COTS products in the field of Requirements Engineering (RE). The taxonomy and the obtained information reach transcendental benefits to the selection of systems and tools that aid to RE-related actors…

This paper presents a new approach to reduce the space problem due to combinatorial explosion of CNM (Combinatorial Neural Model) method. First we show a description of CNM, proposed by Machado and Rocha [MAC 91], [MAC 92], [MAC 92a], [MAC…

This paper presents a neuro-fuzzy network where all its parameters can be tuned simultaneously using Genetic Algorithms. The approach combines the merits of fuzzy logic theory, neural networks and genetic algorithms. The proposed neuro-fuzzy network does not require a priori…

Complex control tasks may be solved by dividing them into a more specific and more easily handled subtasks hierarchy. Several authors have demonstrated that the incremental layered evolution paradigm allows obtaining controllers capable of solving this type of tasks. In…

In the design of activities for Web-Based Education Systems, the concept of Didactic Object or Learning Object, has appeared as the axis of a new paradigm concerned with the reusability of contents and activities, due to its organization from a…

Since huge amounts of spatial data can be easily collected from various applications, ranging from remote sensing technology to geographical information system, the extraction and comprehension of spatial knowledge is a more and more important task. Many excellent studies on…