The use of innovative technologies in education offers new possibilities that complement classroom teaching and may also help to improve the quality of education, enabling students to actively participate in the learning process. With this in mind, in 2009 the…

The chromatic sensitivity of holographic optical elements for use in optical interconnect systems is quantified using an entropy merit function. The influence of broad-band illumination on axial irradiance and intensity is studied showing that the best imaging point obtained with…

Fixation-free rehalogenating bleaching is an interesting for the production of phase holograms. The shrinkage of the emulsion is reduced in comparison with other bleaching methods (reversal bleaching or rehalogenating bleaching with fixation). In this paper we present experimental results for…

Bleaching is one of the most widely used techniques in the production of phase holograms of high quality on photographic emulsion, particularly in rehalogenating techniques without a fixation step. These techniques were very well understood when Agfa 8E75 HD emulsion…

We propose a two step method which enables us to obtain transmission Holographic Optical Elements of high diffraction efficiency as well as a good signal-to-noise relation. By means of a device using partially coherent light, a master Holographic Optical Element…

Problems encountered in the description of ion-induced compositional changes in non-monatomic solids, on the basis of the binary collision approach (BCA), are reported. The ingredients of a collisional model responsible for eventual ambiguity of computer simulation results are pointed out.…

The homotopy perturbation method is used to solve the nonlinear differential equation that governs the nonlinear oscillations of a simple pendulum, and an approximate expression for its period is obtained. Only one iteration leads to high accuracy of the solutions…

Photographic emulsions are still widely used to record holographic optical elements. In particular, if high diffraction efficiencies are needed, phase volume holograms are preferably recorded on these emulsions. Two particular techniques producing high-quality volume phase holograms are fixation-free rehalogenating bleaching…

A cubication procedure of the nonlinear differential equation for conservative nonlinear oscillators is analyzed and discussed. This scheme is based on the Chebyshev series expansion of the restoring force and this allows us to approximate the original nonlinear differential equation…

In their comment, Qing-Yin and Pei derived another analytical approximate expression for the large-angle pendulum period, which they compare with other expressions previously published. Most of these approximate formulas are based on the approximation of the original nonlinear differential equation…