A new aqueous photopolymer containing the monomers acrylamide, N,N'-methylenbisacrylamide and zinc acrylate, the initiators 4,5-diiodosuccinylfluorescein (2ISF) and methylene blue (MB), and the coinitiator sodium p-toluenesulphinate is described. This formulation exhibits a clear enhancement of the high-energy sensitivity upon irradiation with…

A model is proposed which allows us to obtain the diffraction efficiency of photopolymeric materials with a nonlinear response to the refraction index, using the equations on the evolution of copolymerization reactions as a base. The photochemical material being analysed…

When aberrations are small, it is possible to use wave aberration variance to obtain the position of the best image plane in both conventional and holographic optical systems. However, when aberrations increase, this measurement is not sufficient and it does…

In this paper we present the theoretical analysis and experimental results of a holographic collimator made in silver halide sensitized gelatin. Diffraction efficiency up to 70% over the whole plate and wave aberration as low as 20-lambda in the maximum…

Equations are derived for determining third-order wavefront aberrations in the plane of the exit pupil from the known aberration in the plane of a holographic lens. Using the transformation equations of wavefront aberration when the plane of the exit pupil…

We examine the evolution of the refractive index modulation when recording gratings in an acrylamide based photopolymer. A nonlocal diffusion model is used to predict theoretically the grating evolution. The model has been developed to account for both nonlocal spatial…

The response of a H-PDLC device is improved by means of a two-step method. First, component optimization—initiator system, crosslinker, and cosolvent—enables the diffraction efficiency of the hologram to be maximized. Second, the use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in combination with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone prevents…

The eye is not a centered system. The line of sight connects the fovea with the center of the pupil and is usually tilted in the temporal direction. Thus, off-axis optical aberrations, mainly coma and oblique astigmatism, are introduced at…

Based on the results of the coupled-wave theory the diffraction efficiency is calculated for thick phase transmission holographic gratings taking into account the chemical processing of the recording material. Three effects of processing are considered: variations in the average refractive…

Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) is one of the most promising techniques for the fabrication of transmission holographic optical elements, achieving relatively high sensitivity of photographic material with the low scattering and high light stability of dichromated gelatin. In this…