Descripción: |
La presente investigación se ha centrado en el estudio de la revista de estudios deportivos Citius, Altius, Fortius (1959-1976), una de las de mayor alcance y relevancia de la historia reciente de la cultura física y deportiva. Su importancia se deduce del amplio conjunto de colaboradores de prestigio y de la riqueza temática de sus colaboraciones en sus casi veinte años de vigencia. Aun así, no se han realizado investigaciones específicas sobre ella, a excepción de los estudios parciales del profesor Olivera (sobre la producción científica de Cagigal en la misma), y de algunas referencias de autores como Juan Rodríguez, J. A. Cecchini o Miguel Vicente en el campo de la epistemología y la educación This research is focused on the study of the journal titled Citius, Altius, Fortius
(1959-1976), one of most spread and relevant publications in physical and sports culture in the twentieth century. Its importance is deduced from the wide group of prestigious contributors and the thematic diversity of its contents during nearly twenty years. Even so, there is no specific study about this journal, except part of Olivera’s researches (about Cagigal’s scientific production on it) and some references of authors such as Juan
Rodríguez, J. A. Cecchini or Miguel Vicente in the field of epistemology and education.
The main aim of this study was the detailed knowledge of the journal through
documentary analysis. The extensive content has been organized and interpreted in order to identify the underlying ideological orientation. Conceptions and ideas associated with
physical culture categories have been also inferred and expressed.
This PhD research has been oriented to the following objectives: to elaborate a
thematic repertory from the classification and organization of all journal’s articles; to
offer a critical overview of most studied topics by physical and sports culture field
academics and researchers of that time; to infer their conceptions in relation to physical
and sport culture and compare them with ideas established in the Spanish society at the
moment; to assess the political influence in the publication and its grade of utilization
with propagandistic purposes; to compare the journal with others in that period and
evaluate its impact on conceptions and on the current situation of physical and sports
culture in Spain.
Regarding the methodology, the field and the object of the study were delimited
firstly. The own journal was considered as the primary and direct source. Several primary
and secondary sources of information related to national physical, bodily and sports
culture in that period, were also consulted principally in F.C.A.F.D. of University of
León, as well as in different online data-bases.
Then, the documentary information was processed through the scientific reading
method, in order to make different analysis: bibliometric, thematic and ideological
analysis of most relevant content found in the journal. Qualitative techniques were mainly
applied, but sometimes they were combined with quantitative methods. Documentation Sciences procedures were used, specifically bibliometric and documentary analysis techniques. Other qualitative techniques were used, such as critical discourse analysis and narrative analysis, to deep into the idiological study of more pertinent articles. A selfelaborated triple documentation file was used as methodological instrument, collecting more representative aspects of each analyzed study.
Bibliometric and thematic analysis results have been compiled and showed in a
thematic repertory elaborated with Access 2007 program; studies were classified based on
a classification system with categories and subcategories created ex profeso for this
research. The information was exported to Excel 2007 program for its statistical basic
analysis, in order to present the main thematic axes that characterized the publishing line
of the journal, adding tables and figures with data obtained. Three different periods were
identified with subtle variations in prevailing topics, which is correlated to changes of
publishers and their philosophy and publishing politics.
Quantitative results showed a total of two hundred and ten articles published in the
eighteen years of journal’s life. A clear historic vocation and subsidiary bias to other
humanistic disciplines such as philosophy, philology or literature, sociology and
education were inferred from a first comparison.
The high value and quality of the journal is provided by the wide thematic variety
and the international recognition of the authorship, including contributions that have
influenced on Spanish intellectuals of that time, triggering a mind change and openness in
the physical, bodily and sports culture conceptions. The approach to these ideas, extracted
from the pages of the journal, was obtained from the critical analysis. There are essays
where physical education and sport are idealized and raised, but there are also critical studies and reform proposals against the excessively technician society and the superintellectualized educative system.
Other interesting topics are studied, like the Olympic idea or gender issues, from
which it is possible to deduce a slight technical and ideological openness, even critical, 15
though most of contributions are made from an accommodative and conformist view,
according to the dominant discourse. Taking into account the historic period and the
social context, this publication could keep away from propagandistic aim to which most
of the information media seemed to serve.
In this context and circumstances, the consideration of this publication as an
important point of reference in physical culture, both in national and international spheres
should be considered a success. The journal’s publishing policies and humanistic
orientation worked as an example of innovation and technical, pedagogical and
researchable openness in physical education and sport field, from a multidisciplinary and
transforming view.
However, journal’s recognition we has not been acknowledged; so, after
confirming its worth and contents quality, its impact in the development and evolution of
later physical and sports culture, as well as in the mind changes of Spanish society from
that moment to present day, this research has attempt to contribute in solving deficiencies indicated in this field. Moreover, it also attempts to make available to the scientific
community and to physical education and sport professional an instrument that allows to consult, to compare, to interpret, to reflect and to work faster and more effectively with the information gathered in the journal. |