| Título: | Investigating Facial Features of Four Types of Laughter in Historic Illustrations |
| Autores: |
Ruch, Willibald Friedrich; University of Zurich Hofmann, Jennifer; University of Zurich Platt, Tracey; University of Zurich |
| Fecha: | 2013-04-01 |
| Publicador: | European Journal of Humour Research |
| Fuente: |
 |
| Tipo: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article Peer-reviewed Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| Tema: |
Psychology, Emotion/Nonverbal behavior laughter, types, FACS, Darwin, expression of emotion, Duchenne Display |
| Descripción: | This study investigates the facial features of different laughter types in historic illustrations. Several conceptually different types of laughter were proposed in the historic literature, but only four types were represented in visual and verbal illustrations by four or more historic illustrators (joyful, intense, schadenfreude laughter, grinning). Study 1 examined the encoding of facial features in 18 illustrations by the Facial Action Coding System and study 2 investigated the decoding by laypeople. Illustrations of laughter involving a Duchenne Display (DD) were perceived as joyful irrespective of their initial classification. In intense laughter, the intensity of the zygomatic major muscle predicted the perception of intensity, but not the proposed changes in the upper face. In fact, "frowning" seemed to be antagonistic to the perception of joy. Schadenfreude and grinning did not have high recognition rates. Going along with the idea that schadenfreude is either a blend of a positive and negative emotion, or solely joy with attempts of masking it, it may entail additional features beyond the DD. Grinning was best represented by low intensity laughter, narrowed eye aperture and mouth prolonging actions. So far, only the DD could be reliably morphologically differentiated and recognized, supporting Darwin’s proposal of joyful laughter being the laughter prototype. |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
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2 Humorous Poetry in Late Medieval Scots and Latin (c. 1450–1550): An Overview por Hadley Williams, Janet Elizabeth; Australian National University | 7 Editorial por Popa, Diana Elena; Dunarea de Jos University of Galati,Chlopicki, Wladyslaw; Jagiellonian University,Brzozowska, Dorota; Opole University |
3 | 8 Editorial: Confronting power with laughter por Tsakona, Villy; Democritus University of Thrace, Greece,Popa, Diana Elena; Dunarea de Jos University of Galati |
4 Philosophy’s Attitude towards the Comic – A Reevaluation por Amir, Lydia B.; College of Management Academic Studies | 9 Relevance Theory and political advertising. A case study por Jesús Pinar Sanz, Maria; Castilla La Mancha University, Spain |
5 Humorous Phenomena in Dramatic Discourse por Dynel, Marta; University of Łódź | 10 Can ethnic humour appreciation be influenced by political reasons? A comparative study of the Basque Country and Calalonia por Moreno, Carmelo; University of Basque Country |